Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) is a colorless crystalline powder with a faint, phenol-like odor. Triphenyl phosphate is practically insoluble in water at 1.9 × 10 7 mg/l at 24 °C (Yalkowsky et al., 2010). It is very soluble in carbon tetrachloride and is soluble in most lacquers, solvents, thinners, and oils, as well as in alcohol, benzene, ether, chloroform, and acetone. Hydrolysis of TPP occurs very slowly in acidic or neutral solutions, but occurs rapidly in alkaline solutions.

Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) is an organic compound that is widely used as a flame retardant. It's a colorless, odorless liquid that has excellent thermal stability and low volatility, making it an ideal choice for many applications where fire safety is a concern.

One of the primary applications of TPP is in the production of plastics, such as polyurethane foam, polycarbonate, and epoxy resins. These materials are commonly used in construction, furniture, electronics, and transportation industries. TPP helps to reduce their flammability and improve their fire resistance, which is essential in many applications.

Moreover, TPP is used as an additive in hydraulic fluids and lubricants used in aircraft and other aerospace applications. The use of TPP in these fluids helps to reduce the risk of fire and explosion, which is critical in such applications.

Another important application of TPP is in the production of flame-retardant fabrics. TPP can be applied to fabrics or incorporated into fibers during the manufacturing process. This helps to reduce the flammability of the fabric, making it safer to use in applications like bedding, clothing, and curtains.

Additionally, TPP is used in the production of electrical equipment, such as wiring and circuit boards. It helps to prevent electrical fires by reducing the flammability of these materials.

Furthermore, TPP is considered relatively safe and environmentally friendly. It's biodegradable and does not accumulate in the environment or in living organisms. Moreover, its low toxicity makes it a popular choice for many applications where safety is a concern.

In conclusion, flame retardant triphenyl phosphate is an essential component in fire safety. Its ability to reduce flammability and improve fire resistance makes it a critical ingredient in many industrial applications, such as plastics, textiles, and electronics. As the importance of fire safety continues to grow, the demand for TPP is likely to increase as well.